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Hot-plug virtual disks to running VMs

You can hot-plug or hot-unplug virtual disks from running VMs to dynamically adjust storage without downtime.

Only data volumes and persistent volume claims (PVCs) can be hot plugged and hot-unplugged. You cannot hot plug or hot-unplug container disks.

A hot plugged disk remains attached to the VM even after reboot. You must unplug the disk to remove it from the VM.

note

Each VM has a virtio-scsi controller so that hot plugged disks can use the SCSI bus. The virtio-scsi controller overcomes the limitations of VirtIO while retaining its performance advantages. It is highly scalable and supports hot plugging over 4 million disks.

When you hot plug disks to the VirtIO (virtio-blk) bus, each disk uses a PCI Express (PCIe) slot in the VM. The number of PCIe slots is limited and pre-set automatically at the VM creation as specified in the "Available VirtIO Ports" table. Therefore, you can use virtio-blk for a small number of disks that does not exceed the number of available slots.

Hot plugging and hot unplugging a disk by using the web console​

You can hot plug a disk by attaching it to a virtual machine (VM) while the VM is running by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console.

The hot plugged disk remains attached to the VM until you unplug it.

Prerequisites

  • You must have a data volume or persistent volume claim (PVC) available for hot plugging.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to Virtualization → VirtualMachines in the web console.
  2. Select a running VM to view its details.
  3. On the VirtualMachine details page, click Configuration → Storage.
  4. Add a hot plugged disk:
    1. Click Add.
    2. In the Add disk (hot plugged) window, select the disk from the Source list and click Save.
  5. Optional: Select the type of the interface bus. The options are VirtIO and SCSI. The default bus type is VirtIO.
  6. Optional: Change the type of the interface bus of an existing hot plugged disk:
    1. Click the Options menu beside the disk and select the Edit option.
    2. In the Interface field, select the desired option.
  7. Optional: Unplug a hot plugged disk:
    1. Click the Options menu beside the disk and select Detach.
    2. Click Detach.

Hot plug and hot unplug a disk by using the CLI​

You can hot plug and hot unplug a disk while a virtual machine (VM) is running by using the command line.

The hot plugged disk remains attached to the VM until you unplug it.

Prerequisites

  • You must have at least one data volume or persistent volume claim (PVC) available for hot plugging.

Procedure

  • Hot plug a disk by running the following command:

    $ virtctl addvolume <virtual-machine|virtual-machine-instance> \
      --volume-name=<datavolume|PVC> \
      [--bus <bus_type>] [--persist] [--serial=<label_name>]

    where:

    --bus <bus_type>
    Optional: Specifies the bus type of the added disk. Supported values are virtio and scsi. The default bus type is virtio.
    --persist
    Optional: Specifies that the virtual disk is permanently mounted on a virtual machine. This flag does not apply to virtual machine instances.
    --serial=<label_name>
    Optional: Specifies an alphanumeric string label of your choice to identify the hot plugged disk in a guest virtual machine. If you do not specify this option, the label defaults to the name of the hot plugged data volume or PVC.

  • Hot unplug a disk by running the following command:

    $ virtctl removevolume <virtual-machine|virtual-machine-instance> \
      --volume-name=<datavolume|PVC>

Additional resources