Installing a cluster on IBM Power Virtual Server into an existing VPC¶

To install a OpenShift Container Platform cluster on IBM Power(R) Virtual Server into an existing Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), use installer-provisioned infrastructure. The installation program provisions the remaining required infrastructure, which you can then customize.

Prerequisites¶

Before you install a OpenShift Container Platform cluster on IBM Power(R) Virtual Server, complete the prerequisite tasks to configure your IBM Cloud(R) account, firewall, and credential utility.

You reviewed details about the OpenShift Container Platform installation and update processes.
You read the documentation on selecting a cluster installation method and preparing it for users.
You configured an IBM Cloud(R) account to host the cluster.
If you use a firewall, you configured it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.
You configured the ccoctl utility before you installed the cluster.

Additional resources

About using a custom Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)¶

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.22, you can deploy a cluster using an existing IBM(R) Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

Because the installation program cannot know what other components are in your existing subnets, it cannot choose subnet CIDRs and so forth. You must configure networking for the subnets to which you will install the cluster.

Requirements for using your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)¶

You must correctly configure the existing VPC and its subnets before you install the cluster. The installation program does not create a VPC or VPC subnet in this scenario.

The installation program cannot:

Subdivide network ranges for the cluster to use
Set route tables for the subnets
Set VPC options such as DHCP

Note

The installation program requires that you use the cloud-provided DNS server. Using a custom DNS server is not supported and causes the installation to fail.

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) validation¶

The VPC and all of the subnets must be in an existing resource group. The cluster is deployed to this resource group.

As part of the installation, specify the following in the install-config.yaml file:

The name of the resource group
The name of VPC
The name of the VPC subnet

To ensure that the subnets that you give are suitable, the installation program confirms that all of the subnets you specify exist.

Note

Subnet IDs are not supported.

Isolation between clusters¶

If you deploy OpenShift Container Platform to an existing network, cluster service isolation decreases in the following ways:

ICMP Ingress is allowed to the entire network.
TCP port 22 Ingress (SSH) is allowed to the entire network.
Control plane TCP 6443 Ingress (Kubernetes API) is allowed to the entire network.
Control plane TCP 22623 Ingress (MCS) is allowed to the entire network.

Internet access for OpenShift Container Platform¶

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.22, you require access to the internet to install your cluster.

You must have internet access to perform the following actions:

Access Red Hat Hybrid Cloud Console to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.

Warning

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the required content and use it to populate a mirror registry with the installation packages. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

Generating a key pair for cluster node SSH access¶

During an OpenShift Container Platform installation, you can provide an SSH public key to the installation program. The key is passed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) nodes through their Ignition config files and is used to authenticate SSH access to the nodes. The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list for the core user on each node, which enables password-less authentication.

The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list for the core user on each node, which enables password-less authentication. After the key is passed to the nodes, you can use the key pair to SSH in to the RHCOS nodes as the user core. To access the nodes through SSH, the private key identity must be managed by SSH for your local user.

If you want to SSH in to your cluster nodes to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, you must provide the SSH public key during the installation process. The ./openshift-install gather command also requires the SSH public key to be in place on the cluster nodes.

Warning

Do not skip this procedure in production environments, where disaster recovery and debugging is required.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches.

Procedure

If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
```
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name>
```
Specifies the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

Note

If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses the RHEL cryptographic libraries that have been submitted to NIST for FIPS 140-2/140-3 Validation on only the x86_64, ppc64le, and s390x architectures, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.
View the public SSH key:
```
$ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub
```
For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub public key:
```
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
```
Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather command.

Note

On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa are managed automatically.
1. If the ssh-agent process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:
```
$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
```
  Example output
```
Agent pid 31874
```
  Note
  
  If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.
Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:
```
$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name>
```
Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.
Example output
```
Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
```

Next steps

When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

Obtaining the installation program¶

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on the host you are using for installation, so that installation assets exist for deployment in your environment.

Prerequisites

You have a computer that runs Linux or macOS, with 500 MB of local disk space.

Procedure

Go to the Cluster Type page on the Red Hat Hybrid Cloud Console. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.

Tip

You can also download the binaries for a specific OpenShift Container Platform release.
Select your infrastructure provider from the Run it yourself section of the page.
Select your host operating system and architecture from the dropdown menus under OpenShift Installer and click Download Installer.
Place the downloaded file in the directory where you want to store the installation configuration files.
Warning
- The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both of the files are required to delete the cluster.
- Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.
Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
```
$ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
```
Download your installation pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Tip

Alternatively, you can retrieve the installation program from the Red Hat Customer Portal, where you can specify a version of the installation program to download. However, you must have an active subscription to access this page.

Exporting the API key¶

You must set the API key you created as a global variable; the installation program ingests the variable during startup to set the API key.

Prerequisites

You have created either a user API key or service ID API key for your IBM Cloud(R) account.

Procedure

Export your API key for your account as a global variable:
```
$ export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api_key>
```
Warning

You must set the variable name exactly as specified; the installation program expects the variable name to be present during startup.

Creating the installation configuration file¶

You can customize the OpenShift Container Platform cluster you install on

Prerequisites

You have the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

Create the install-config.yaml file.
1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:
```
$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory>
```
  - <installation_directory>: For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
    
    When specifying the directory:
  - Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.
    Note
    
    Always delete the ~/.powervs directory to avoid reusing a stale configuration. Run the following command:
    $ rm -rf ~/.powervs
2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:
  1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.
    
    Note
    
    For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.
  2. Select powervs as the platform to target.
  3. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
  4. Select the zone to deploy the cluster to.
  5. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
  6. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.
Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the "Installation configuration parameters" section.
Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

Warning

The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

Additional resources

Installation configuration parameters for IBM Power(R) Virtual Server

Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation¶

To ensure that your OpenShift Container Platform cluster runs as expected, each cluster machine must meet minimum CPU, memory, and storage requirements.

Minimum resource requirements

Machine	Operating system	vCPU	Virtual RAM	Storage	Input/Output Per Second (IOPS)
Bootstrap	RHCOS	4	16 GB	100 GB	300
Control plane	RHCOS	4	16 GB	100 GB	300
Compute	RHCOS	2	8 GB	100 GB	300

One vCPU is equal to one physical core when simultaneous multithreading (SMT), or Hyper-Threading, is not enabled. When enabled, use the following formula to calculate the corresponding ratio: (threads per core × cores) × sockets = vCPUs.
OpenShift Container Platform and Kubernetes are sensitive to disk performance, and Red Hat recommends faster storage, particularly for etcd on the control plane nodes which require a 10 ms p99 fsync duration. On many cloud platforms, storage size and IOPS scale together, so you might need to provision more storage to get enough performance.
As with all user-provisioned installations, if you choose to use RHEL compute machines in your cluster, you take responsibility for all operating system life cycle management and maintenance, including performing system updates, applying patches, and completing all other required tasks. OpenShift Container Platform 4.10 and later do not support RHEL 7 compute machines.

Note

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.22, RHCOS uses RHEL version 9.8, which updates the micro-architecture requirements. Each architecture requires the following minimum instruction set architectures (ISA):

x86-64 architecture requires x86-64-v2 ISA
ARM64 architecture requires ARMv8.0-A ISA
ppc64le architecture requires IBM(R) Power9 ISA
s390x architecture requires IBM(R) z14 ISA

For more information, see Architectures in the RHEL documentation.

If an instance type for your platform meets the minimum requirements for cluster machines, it is supported to use in OpenShift Container Platform.

Additional resources

Optimizing storage

Sample customized install-config.yaml file for IBM Power Virtual Server¶

You can customize the install-config.yaml file to specify more details about your OpenShift Container Platform cluster’s platform or change the values of the required parameters.

Warning

This sample YAML file is for reference only. You must obtain your install-config.yaml file by using the installation program and change it.

apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com
compute:
- architecture: ppc64le
  hyperthreading: Enabled
  name: worker
  platform:
    powervs:
      smtLevel: 8
  replicas: 3
controlPlane:
  architecture: ppc64le
  hyperthreading: Enabled
  name: master
  platform:
    powervs:
      smtLevel: 8
  replicas: 3
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  name: example-cluster-existing-vpc
networking:
  clusterNetwork:
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  machineNetwork:
  - cidr: 192.168.0.0/24
  networkType: OVNKubernetes
  serviceNetwork:
  - 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
  powervs:
    userID: ibm-user-id
    powervsResourceGroup: "ibmcloud-resource-group"
    region: powervs-region
    vpcRegion: vpc-region
    vpcName: name-of-existing-vpc
    zone: powervs-zone
    serviceInstanceGUID: "powervs-region-service-instance-guid"
credentialsMode: Manual
publish: External
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}'
fips: false
sshKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA...

where:

compute: Specifies parameters where, if you do not provide values, the installation program provides the default value. The first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, -. Both sections currently define a single machine pool.
compute.hyperthreading: Specifies whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.
compute.platform.powervs.smtLevel: Specifies the level of SMT to set to the compute machines. The supported values are 1, 2, 4, 8, 'off', and 'on'. The default value is 8. The smtLevel 'off' sets SMT to off, and smtLevel 'on' sets SMT to the default value 8 on the cluster nodes.
controlPlane: Specifies parameters where, if you do not provide values, the installation program provides the default value. The controlPlane section is a single mapping, and its first line must not begin with a hyphen. Only one control plane pool is used.
controlPlane.hyperthreading: Specifies whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.

Warning

When multithreading (SMT) is disabled, each vCPU is equivalent to one physical core. Disable SMT only if you have specific requirements.
controlPlane.platform.powervs.smtLevel: Specifies the level of SMT to set to the control plane. The supported values are 1, 2, 4, 8, 'off', and 'on'. The default value is 8. The smtLevel 'off' sets SMT to off, and smtLevel 'on' sets SMT to the default value 8 on the cluster nodes.

Note

When simultaneous multithreading (SMT) is not enabled, one vCPU is equivalent to one physical core. When enabled, total vCPUs is computed as (Thread(s) per core * Core(s) per socket) * Socket(s). The smtLevel controls the threads per core. Lower SMT levels may require additional assigned cores when deploying the cluster nodes. You can do this by setting the 'processors' parameter in the install-config.yaml file to an appropriate value to meet the requirements for deploying OpenShift Container Platform successfully.
networking.clusterNetwork.cidr: Specifies the CIDR. The machine CIDR must contain the subnets for the compute machines and control plane machines.
networking.networkType: Specifies the cluster network plugin for installation. The supported value is OVNKubernetes.
platform.powervs.vpcName: Specifies the name of an existing VPC.
publish: Specifies how to publish the user-facing endpoints of your cluster.
pullSecret: Specifies your pull secret. The installation program prompts you for this value. This value is required.
sshKey: Specifies the SSH key to use to access the machines in your cluster. This value is optional.

Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation¶

Production environments can deny direct access to the internet and instead have an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file.

Prerequisites

You have an existing install-config.yaml file.
You have reviewed the sites that your cluster requires access to and determined whether any of them need to bypass the proxy. By default, the proxy handles all cluster egress traffic, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. You added sites to the Proxy object’s spec.noProxy field to bypass the proxy if necessary.

Note

The Proxy object status.noProxy field includes the values of the networking.machineNetwork[].cidr, networking.clusterNetwork[].cidr, and networking.serviceNetwork[] fields from your installation configuration.

For installations on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, and Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP), the Proxy object status.noProxy field also includes the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254).

Procedure

Edit your install-config.yaml file and add the proxy settings. For example:
```
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: my.domain.com
proxy:
  httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port>
  httpsProxy: https://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port>
  noProxy: example.com
additionalTrustBundle: |
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
additionalTrustBundlePolicy: <policy_to_add_additionalTrustBundle>
# ...
```
where:

proxy.httpProxy

Specifies a proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be http.

proxy.httpsProxy

Specifies a proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster.

proxy.noProxy

Specifies a comma-separated list of destination domain names, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude from proxying. Preface a domain with . to match subdomains only. For example, .y.com matches x.y.com, but not y.com. Use * to bypass the proxy for all destinations.

additionalTrustBundle

If you specify this value, the installation program generates a config map named user-ca-bundle in the openshift-config namespace to hold the additional CA certificates. If you specify additionalTrustBundle and at least one proxy setting, the Proxy object references the user-ca-bundle config map in the trustedCA field. The Cluster Network Operator then creates a trusted-ca-bundle config map that merges the contents specified for the trustedCA parameter with the RHCOS trust bundle. You must set the additionalTrustBundle field unless an authority from the RHCOS trust bundle signs the proxy’s identity certificate.

additionalTrustBundlePolicy

Specifies the policy that determines the configuration of the Proxy object to reference the user-ca-bundle config map in the trustedCA field. The allowed values are Proxyonly and Always. Use Proxyonly to reference the user-ca-bundle config map only when you configure an http/https proxy. Use Always to always reference the user-ca-bundle config map. The default value is Proxyonly. Optional parameter.

Note

The installation program does not support the proxy readinessEndpoints field.
Note

If the installation program times out, restart and then complete the deployment by using the wait-for command of the installation program. For example:
```
$ ./openshift-install wait-for install-complete --log-level debug
```
Save the file and reference it when installing OpenShift Container Platform.

The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy named cluster that uses the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file. If you do not give proxy settings, the installation program still creates a cluster Proxy object, but it has a nil spec.

Note

Only the Proxy object named cluster is supported, and you cannot create additional proxies.

Manually creating IAM¶

To install OpenShift Container Platform, the Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) must operate in manual mode. While the installation program configures the CCO for manual mode, you must specify the identity and access management secrets for your cloud provider.

You can use the Cloud Credential Operator (CCO) utility (ccoctl) to create the required IBM Cloud(R) resources.

Prerequisites

You have configured the ccoctl binary.
You have an existing install-config.yaml file.

Procedure

Edit the install-config.yaml configuration file so that the file includes the credentialsMode parameter set to Manual.
Example install-config.yaml configuration file
```
apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: cluster1.example.com
credentialsMode: Manual
compute:
- architecture: ppc64le
  hyperthreading: Enabled
```
where:

credentialsMode

Specifies the CCO credentials mode. Set the value to Manual.
To generate the manifests, run the following command from the directory that includes the installation program:
```
$ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory>
```
From the directory that includes the installation program, set a $RELEASE_IMAGE variable with the release image from your installation file by running the following command:
```
$ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')
```

Extract the list of CredentialsRequest custom resources (CRs) from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

$ oc adm release extract \
  --from=$RELEASE_IMAGE \
  --credentials-requests \
  --included \
  --install-config=<path_to_directory_with_installation_configuration>/install-config.yaml \
  --to=<path_to_directory_for_credentials_requests>

where:

--included: Specifies that only the manifests that your specific cluster configuration requires are included.
--install-config: Specifies the location of the install-config.yaml file.
--to: Specifies the path to the directory where you want to store the CredentialsRequest objects. If the specified directory does not exist, this command creates it. This command creates a YAML file for each CredentialsRequest object.

Sample CredentialsRequest object

  apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
  kind: CredentialsRequest
  metadata:
    labels:
      controller-tools.k8s.io: "1.0"
    name: openshift-image-registry-ibmcos
    namespace: openshift-cloud-credential-operator
  spec:
    secretRef:
      name: installer-cloud-credentials
      namespace: openshift-image-registry
    providerSpec:
      apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
      kind: IBMCloudProviderSpec
      policies:
      - attributes:
        - name: serviceName
          value: cloud-object-storage
        roles:
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Operator
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Editor
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::serviceRole:Reader
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::serviceRole:Writer
      - attributes:
        - name: resourceType
          value: resource-group
        roles:
        - crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer

Create the service ID for each credential request, assign the policies defined, create an API key, and generate the secret:
```
$ ccoctl ibmcloud create-service-id \
  --credentials-requests-dir=<path_to_credential_requests_directory> \
  --name=<cluster_name> \
  --output-dir=<installation_directory> \
  --resource-group-name=<resource_group_name>
```
where:

<path_to_credential_requests_directory>

Specifies the directory that has the files for the CredentialsRequest objects.

<cluster_name>

Specifies the name of the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

<installation_directory>

Specifies the directory in which you want the ccoctl utility to create objects. By default, the utility creates objects in the directory in which you run the commands. This parameter is optional.

<resource_group_name>

Specifies the name of the resource group used for scoping the access policies. This parameter is optional.
Note

If you enabled Technology Preview features by using the TechPreviewNoUpgrade feature set for your cluster, you must include the --enable-tech-preview parameter in the configuration for the CredentialsRequest object.

If you provided a wrong resource group name, the installation fails during the bootstrap phase. To find the correct resource group name, run the following command:
```
$ grep resourceGroup <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-infrastructure-02-config.yml
```

Verification

Check that the appropriate secrets exist in the manifests directory of your cluster.

Deploying the cluster¶

To deploy your OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you initialize installation by running the openshift-install create cluster command from the directory that contains the installation program. The installation program provisions the required infrastructure and completes the cluster setup.

Warning

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

You have configured an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
You have the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
You have verified that the cloud provider account on your host has the correct permissions to deploy the cluster. An account with incorrect permissions causes the installation process to fail with an error message that displays the missing permissions.

Procedure

In the directory that contains the installation program, initialize the cluster deployment by running the following command:

$ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir <installation_directory> \
    --log-level=info

where:

<installation_directory>: Specifies the location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file.
--log-level: Specifies the log level. To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

Verification

When the cluster deployment completes successfully:

The terminal displays directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to the web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user.
Credential information also outputs to <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log.

Warning

Do not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

The following example shows the expected output:
```
...
INFO Install complete!
INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "password"
INFO Time elapsed: 36m22s
```
Warning
- The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.
- It is recommended that you use Ignition config files within 12 hours after they are generated because the 24-hour certificate rotates from 16 to 22 hours after the cluster is installed. By using the Ignition config files within 12 hours, you can avoid installation failure if the certificate update runs during installation.

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux¶

To manage your cluster and deploy applications from the command line on Linux, install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary. You can download the OpenShift CLI (oc) from the Red Customer Portal.

Warning

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform.

Download and install the new version of oc.

Procedure

Navigate to the Download OpenShift Container Platform page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the architecture from the Product Variant list.
Select the appropriate version from the Version list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.22 Linux Clients entry and save the file.
Unpack the archive:
```
$ tar xvf <file>
```
Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

To check your PATH, run the following command:
```
$ echo $PATH
```

Verification

After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command:
```
$ oc <command>
```

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows¶

To manage your cluster and deploy applications from the command line on Windows, install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary. You can download the OpenShift CLI (oc) from the Red Customer Portal.

Warning

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform.

Download and install the new version of oc.

Procedure

Navigate to the Download OpenShift Container Platform page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the appropriate version from the Version list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.22 Windows Client entry and save the file.
Extract the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH variable.

To check your PATH variable, open the Command Prompt and run the following command:
```
C:\> path
```

Verification

After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command:
```
C:\> oc <command>
```

Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS¶

To manage your cluster and deploy applications from the command line on macOS, install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary. You can download the OpenShift CLI (oc) from the Red Customer Portal.

Warning

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform.

Download and install the new version of oc.

Procedure

Navigate to the Download OpenShift Container Platform page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Select the architecture from the Product Variant list.
Select the appropriate version from the Version list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.22 macOS Clients entry and save the file.

Note

For macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.22 macOS arm64 Client entry.
Extract the archive.
Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH variable.

To check your PATH variable, open a terminal and run the following command:
```
$ echo $PATH
```

Verification

Verify your installation by using an oc command:
```
$ oc <command>
```

Logging in to the cluster by using the CLI¶

To log in to your cluster as the default system user, export the kubeconfig file. This configuration enables the CLI to authenticate and connect to the specific API server created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

The kubeconfig file is specific to a cluster and OpenShift Container Platform generates it during installation.

Prerequisites

You deployed an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
You installed the OpenShift CLI (oc).

Procedure

Export the kubeadmin credentials by running the following command:
```
$ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig
```
where:

<installation_directory>

Specifies the path to the directory that stores the installation files.
Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration by running the following command:
```
$ oc whoami
```
Example output
```
system:admin
```

Next steps

"Customize your cluster"
"Remote health reporting"

Additional resources

Accessing the web console

Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform¶

To provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, the Telemetry service requires internet access. When connected, this service runs automatically by default and registers your cluster to OpenShift Cluster Manager.

After you confirm that your OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually by using OpenShift Cluster Manager,use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level. For more information about subscription watch, see "Data Gathered and Used by Red Hat’s subscription services" in the Additional resources section.

Additional resources